• Our finding that one enzyme acts both

  2019-08-06

  

  Our finding that one enzyme acts both as a primase and a DNAP poses evolutionary and mechanistic questions. In particular, why do cellular organisms require two enzymes to fulfill de novo DNA synthesis? The inability of cellular replicases to perform as primases might be dictated by the challenges a

• DGK is highly expressed in skeletal muscle which

  2019-08-06

  

  DGKδ is highly expressed in skeletal muscle [7], which is a primary target of insulin for glucose disposal [14]. Notably, Chibalin et al. reported that DGKδ contributes to hyperglycemia-induced peripheral insulin resistance and that decreased protein levels of DGKδ in skeletal muscle attenuated gluc

• The folate pathway plays an essential role

  2019-08-06

  

  The folate pathway plays an essential role in cell survival by generating 5, 10-methylene tetrahydrofolate as a one-carbon donor for the synthesis of deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP), purines, methionine and histidine. Disruption of this pathway leads to the critical deficiency of these key molec

• The N B method has the

  2019-08-06

  

  The N&B method has the overall advantage that it is not restricted to certain dyes specific for energy transfer [55], and is also able to detect higher order receptor Cy7 NHS ester calculator on the focal point in living cells. Conclusion The N&B method has shown to be a powerful tool to locate

• Neutrophils produce high amounts of ROS

  2019-08-06

  

  Neutrophils produce high amounts of ROS, which act as antimicrobial agents, signaling molecules or initiators during PMA-induced NET formation. Of the intravenous anesthetics used in this study, propofol was the best at decreasing PMA-induced ROS levels (Fig. 3A and B). Our previous study also demon

• HOIP s ability to build

  2019-08-06

  

  HOIP\'s ability to build linear Ub chains arises from a unique domain that follows directly after the RING2 domain, the linear ubiquitin chain-determining domain (LDD) (Fig. 1). Structures have revealed that the LDD is structurally integrated into RING2, creating a single RING2–LDD unit (Fig. 2D) [4

• br Acknowledgements E B was supported by grant mol a

  2019-08-06

  

  Acknowledgements E.B. was supported by grant 16-34-60213 mol_a_dk from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR). R.S. and A.V. were supported by grant of the President of Russian FederationMK-4253.2018.4. The work was performed according to the Russian Government Program of Competitive Gr

• MoAbs targeting the tumourigenic pathways such

  2019-08-05

  

  MoAbs targeting the tumourigenic pathways, such as IGF-1R may theoretically have a dual working mechanism. On the one hand they block pathways having an anti-tumour working mechanism, and on the other hand they may also stimulate an immunological response inducing a reaction of the patients own immu

• In this work we fabricated a

  2019-08-05

  

  In this work, we fabricated a kind of multifunctional nanoparticles, based on HAuNS coated by chitosan-stearic SGC-CBP30 msds copolymer (CSO-SA), which was employed frequently to form micelles for hydrophobic drug delivery in our previous work [21], [22]. The nanoparticles can encapsulate DiR effic

• More and more studies are focused on the function role

  2019-08-05

  

  More and more studies are focused on the function role of EPAC1 in cancer proliferation, apoptosis and migration. Recently, it was reported that the EPAC-ERK and AKT signaling pathways promote the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) mediated growth arrest and apoptosis in the B lymphoma cell line WEHI-231

• The mitogen activated protein kinase MAPK

  2019-08-05

  

  The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, which consists of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38 MAPK, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), is involved in the development of NP (Hung et al., 2012, Ji et al., 2009). Recently, Zhuang et al. (2005) demonstrated that t

• Enzyme mimics belong to a type of rising catalysts which

  2019-08-05

  

  Enzyme mimics belong to a type of rising catalysts which show the similar function with their corresponding natural enzymes [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], although their structures are different from natural enzymes. In the area of prodrug activation, the widely-used enzyme mimics a

• The molecular mechanisms regulating the differentiation

  2019-08-05

  

  The molecular mechanisms regulating the differentiation of Th1 versus Tfh rac inhibitor from IL-12-stimulated CD4+ T cells remain largely uncharacterized in humans. This topic has been extensively studied in mice (Weinmann, 2014), because IL-12 stimulation promotes mouse naive CD4+ T cells to expres

• HOIP s ability to build linear Ub chains arises from

  2019-08-05

  

  HOIP\'s ability to build linear Ub chains arises from a unique domain that follows directly after the RING2 domain, the linear ubiquitin chain-determining domain (LDD) (Fig. 1). Structures have revealed that the LDD is structurally integrated into RING2, creating a single RING2–LDD unit (Fig. 2D) [4

• CSN was initially identified based on the

  2019-08-05

  

  CSN was initially identified based on the constitutitvely photormophogenic (cop) mutants from Arabidopsis thaliana [48]. csn mutants are Cullin deneddylation-deficient, consequently accumulate neddylated Cullins, and arrest growth shortly after germination [49, 50, 51]. Weak csn mutants have defects

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