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Although MMP might be a downstream target
2021-09-01
Although MMP-9 might be a downstream target of Src kinase signaling (Liu and Sharp, 2011), a direct connection has not been established. We showed for the first time that, in the collagenase-induced ICH model, Src kinase signaling regulates MMP-9 activity and mediates EP1R toxicity. Consistent with
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The prospects of the use of this novel approach for
2021-09-01
The prospects of the use of this novel approach for the selective local thermo-activation of enzymes include biomedical and biotechnological applications. As NPs could be engineered to gain access to Benztropine mesylate through the endosomal compartment [47] or through non-endocytotic pathways [48
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Downregulation of tumor suppressors is a
2021-09-01
Downregulation of tumor suppressors is a major factor that leads to tumorigenesis. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), a common tumor suppressor, the blz of which is often downregulated or even absent in the majority of human cancers, functions as a phosphatase to dephos
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A range of therapies exists for the
2021-08-31
A range of therapies exists for the treatment of inflammation-driven diseases, which can be summarized as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticoids and steroidal-related drugs (Ward et al., 2008). Despite of these notable successes, there are still major unmet medical needs in the t
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br Funding This work was
2021-08-31
Funding This work was supported by grants to A.S. from the Swedish Cancer Foundation, Sweden (Grant number: CAN, 2015/637), the Swedish Medical Council, Sweden (Grant number: 2017- 01274), the Foundations at Skåne University Hospital, Sweden and to KB, SRS, NC, BCS, and SS from the Royal Physiogr
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CDK S phosphorylation status influences the differential cel
2021-08-31
CDK5-S47 phosphorylation status influences the differential cellular proliferation versus migration response: Previous work from our laboratory has shown CDK5 to be a critical determinant of the cellular proliferation-migration dichotomy whereby CDK5 activation downstream of stimulated epidermal gro
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Next we evaluated the therapeutic potential of compound
2021-08-31
Next, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of compound () using the mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA model), which is the pathological model for RA. Consequently, oral once-daily dosing of 3 mg/kg reduced the overall progression of the clinical score, including inflammation and bone
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Among the various neurotransmitter systems pointed
2021-08-31
Among the various neurotransmitter systems pointed out to play a role in the mediation of defensive and antinociceptive responses elicited by environmentally aversive stimuli, the neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor or hormone (CRF or CRH) has attracted the interest of many researchers inves
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AR-12 P H is a nonheme
2021-08-31
P4H is a nonheme iron(II) dioxygenase that uses O2 and α-ketoglutarate as co-substrates (Fig. 1A). The three-dimensional structure of mammalian P4H is unknown. We reasoned that an electrophilic analog of α-ketoglutarate could serve as an irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme and, hence, a useful prob
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Introduction Prolyl hydroxylation is a widely
2021-08-31
Introduction Prolyl hydroxylation is a widely observed post translational modification in collagen, an abundant animal protein. The high content (~13% per chain of the triple helical structure) of 4-hydroxyproline (Hyp,O) in collagen, togather with the natural abundance of collagen has led to the e
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During ischemia the impact of CK on mitochondria varies
2021-08-31
During ischemia, the impact of CK2 on mitochondria varies in different organs/tissues. For example, CK2α upregulation during ischemia leads to disrupted mitochondrial homeostasis and mediates cardiomyocyte ischemic injury [31]. Specifically, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) progressively increases CK2α to
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puromycin selection concentration As the primary model we
2021-08-31
As the primary model we selected LDL-receptor knockout mice because these resemble the human plasma lipoprotein profile more closely. Currently, genetic models with reduced milk cholesterol content, which mimic cholesterol-free formula feeding, are unavailable. Thus, instead of modifying milk choles
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br Acknowledgements This work was
2021-08-31
Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 26292031. Introduction The Cys-loop receptors constitute an important superfamily of ligand-gated ion EPZ015666 (LGICs) and mediate synaptic transmission in both invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems (Jones e
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The reduction of the calcium response to AVP
2021-08-31
The reduction of the calcium response to AVP could be also due to a PKA-mediated effect of desensitization of IP3R, as described in rat megakaryocytes [41]. Furthermore, PKA activation inhibits intracellular Ca release in mouse pancreatic acinar cells [42] or in rat cerebellum [43]. The phosphorylat
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br Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates Substrate pretreatm
2021-08-31
Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates Substrate pretreatment is widely used in the biofuel, textile and food industries since the substrates are always difficult to degrade. During some enzymatic hydrolysis reactions, the protective layer of the substrate impedes the reaction. Ultrasonic treatmen
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