• Lactate as administered in these models is

  2021-12-04

  

  Lactate as administered in these models is metabolized rapidly and it appears that transient engagement of GPR81 with lactate serum concentrations in the range of moderate exercise physiology, as measured here at 3–4 mmol/L, are sufficient to suppress tissue macrophage NF-κB activation in our models

• Several studies have shown that regulation of glutamate

  2021-12-03

  

  Several studies have shown that regulation of glutamate homeostasis is critical in relapse to many drugs of abuse [84,85]. Glutamate is transported by GLT-1, which accounted for about 90% of glutamate clearance from the synaptic cleft [14,15]. CEF is known to produce its effects through GLT-1 upregu

• Regarding the causative diseases of ES patients with unknown

  2021-12-03

  

  Regarding the causative diseases of ES, patients with unknown cause and those with encephalitis had significantly higher CSF levels of Shikonin against GluN2B-NT2 and GluN2B-CT than the disease controls, but patients with genetic disorder and those with cortical dysplasia showed no significant diffe

• Introduction Glucocorticoids are released in response to str

  2021-12-03

  

  Introduction Glucocorticoids are released in response to stress and play an important role in inflammation, cellular growth, development, body fluid homeostasis, carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. However, circulating glucocorticoid excess has been associated with a classical phenotype of

• br Acknowledgement We like to thank

  2021-12-03

  

  Acknowledgement We like to thank the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy for financial support (GZ402.000/00014-WF/V/6/2016 within the Sino-Austria project) as well as Andrea Szabo and Patricia Haiss for support regarding the drawing of figures and tables. Farnesoid X Re

• br Declaration of interest br Acknowledgments br This work

  2021-12-03

  

  Declaration of interest Acknowledgments This work was supported by grants from the Polish National Science Centre (PRELUDIUM grant no. 2013/11/N/NZ5/00270) and the European Commission FP7 Project Beta-JUDO (grant number 279 153), European Union EIT Health project DeTecT2D, Swedish Diabetes A

• br Conclusion br Acknowledgement br Introduction Biogenic am

  2021-12-03

  

  Conclusion Acknowledgement Introduction Biogenic amine histamine is synthesized from L-histidine by histidine decarboxylase (HDC). Histamine is involved in a wide variety of pathological and physiological processes including allergic reactions, inflammation, immune responses, gastric secret

• Acknowledgements We appreciated the contributions of Ana Car

  2021-12-03

  

  Acknowledgements We appreciated the contributions of Ana Carolina Galha, Selma XSL Pinheiro and Islene Azevedo for technical assistances. In addition, we wish to thank Adilson José de Almeida (in memoriam), Moyra M Portilho, Vanessa A Marques and Letícia P Scalioni, for data analysis during the set

• Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC is

  2021-12-03

  

  Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most lethal malignant tumor worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death [1]. For HCC patients, Ranolazine virus (HBV) infection is the important causative risk factor in Asia-Pacific regions [[2], [3], [4]]. In China, mo

• Disrupting the dialog between microbiota and the host

  2021-12-02

  

  Disrupting the dialog between microbiota and the host, especially at the level of mucosal immunology, is expected to have profound effects on disease development. By using the AOM+DSS model of colitis-associated CRC, Singh et al. (2014) showed that development of inflammation and CRC are exacerbated

• Hepcidin expression was not affected under GlyT

  2021-12-02

  

  Hepcidin expression was not affected under GlyT1 inhibition. Hepcidin downregulation is well documented in conditions of ineffective erythropoiesis and dyserythropoietic anemias, including sideroblastic anemia 33, 34. Systemic iron acquisition under these types of anemia is obviously independent fr

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion br Conclus

  2021-12-02

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusion Pharmacophore modeling was applied to explore new probable Glo-I inhibitors. Ninety two pharmacophoric models were generated representing diverse types of interaction between co-crystallized ligands and corresponding binding site. The g

• Tail group SAR of the imidazole derived analogs is

  2021-12-02

  

  Tail group SAR of the imidazole derived analogs is shown in . The previous SAR study from the discovery of AMG 837 revealed that a simple un-substituted meta-biphenyl tail group was less favorable in terms of potency. Efforts to introduce polarity to the tail group were not successful. When a methyl

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2021-12-02

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Ghrelin is required for maintenance of glucose homeostasis under fasting conditions, and GHSR-null mice have low fasting blood glucose levels [5], [9]. In this study, we found that restoration of GHSR in nodose ganglion neurons rescued low fasting bl

• The ghrelin receptor is expressed in a number

  2021-12-02

  

  The ghrelin receptor is expressed in a number of human malignancies including prostatic carcinoma cell lines [18,19] and tissues [20], breast carcinoma tumours and cell lines [21], testicular tumours [22], and malignant ovarian cysts and tumours [23]. In addition, it has an elevated level of express

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