TBs are still marginal as aforementioned

TBs are still marginal as aforementioned. However, growing participation in not-for-profit TBs, alternative currencies and other for-profit collaborative initiatives can change consumer habitus normalizing participation in C2C structures to satisfy their needs. As the later elementary years learn and get socialized in the sharing economy, exchanges of this sort may increase. Furthermore, hybrid models could be explored, promoted by both nonprofit and commercial organizations, where payments can be done in both time and conventional money.
Conflict of interest
Introduction mobile banking & mobile commerce
Scientific literature review, research hypothesis
Methodological aspects
Research findings
Final discussion, limitations and future research
Conflict of interest
Acknowledgement This study has been conducted with financial support received from Excellence Research Project P12-SEJ-1980 of the Andalusia Regional Government and Project ECO2012-39576 of Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness.
Introduction Symbolic consumption has been analyzed from different perspectives since the 1980s. However, most of the research examine two variables in order to analyze this construct: consumers’ identity and the meaning of products in society (Belk, 1984; Clammer, 1992; Csikszentmihalyi & Rochberg-Halton, 1981; Dittmar, 1992; Edson & Bettman, 2005; Fenollar & Ruíz, 2006; Ger & Belk, 1996; Landon, 1974; Lee, 2013; Lorenzi, 1991; McCracken, 1987; Park, Deborah, Priester, Eisingerich, & Iacobucci, 2010; Sun, Wang, Lepp, & Robertson, 2014). On the one hand, the majority of these studies focus on the symbolic interaction between consumers and the products they buy. In other words, they focus on symbolic consumption of tangible objects (Belk, 1984; Clammer, 1992; Dittmar, 1992; Fenollar & Ruíz, 2006; Ger & Belk, 1996; Landon, 1974; Lorenzi, 1991). On the other hand, there is a line of study in the literature that has captured the attention of marketers since the end of the 1990s: the importance given by consumers to memorable experiences (Addis & Holbrook, 2001; Pine & Gilmore, 1998, 1999). In connection with that, it has been mentioned in the marketing literature that companies should not only satisfy customers’ needs by offering quality products accompany with good services, since currently consumers demand emotions (Serra, 2013). In fact, it can be observed in the literature that material goods and services are associated with our extended self. Thus, consumers need to show others the things the buy and the sensations they experience in order to reinforce their identities (Belk, 1988). In order to show their experiences, consumers may use the Internet (Belk, 2016; Stephen, 2016). However, it is established in the literature that “there is a need to examine the impact of virtual social networks in consumer behavior” (Zeng & Gerritsen, 2014, p. 34), also that “the analysis of the impact of virtual social networks in marketing did not appear until 2008” (Luo & Zhong, 2015, p. 275), and that “the research on the analysis of virtual social networks in consumer behavior is now in its beginnings” (Hudson, Roth, Madden, & Hudson, 2015, p. 70). It is also observed in the literature that there is a lack of research regarding symbolic consumption in the field of consumption of experiences (Ekinci, Sirakaya, & Preciado, 2013; Servidio, 2015).
Literature review
Methodology
Results
Discussion Observing the results, it can be indicated that, when there is congruency between the consumer\'s image and the experience, this congruency leads to a higher perceived value of the experience (Hypothesis 1). Thus, assuming that the majority of research in the marketing literature focuses on material objects when analysing symbolic consumption (Zang & Kim, 2013), results related to Hypothesis 1 strengthen affirmations by Serra (2013), Ekinci et al. (2013) and Sun et al. (2014). They pointed out that the relationship between self-congruity and perceived value could be applied in the analysis of the consumption of experiences.